EFTRE conference: Bruges 2010

Bruges 2010 >> Workshops >> Paul Hopkins' Workshop

Challenging Religious Education
Poverty and Social Inclusion as European Issues

Support Materials and Links from Paul Hopkins' Workshop.

On this page you will find some of the links and some further thoughts on the ideas I explored in my workshop. I would be very interested in hearing about the ways in which you are using technology in your classrooms, in your lecture halls or in your other professional arenas.

One Premise

"Not having access to the Internet and technology is exclusive and makes a child intellectually poor"

This may see like a harsh statement and at this time I am only talking about schools and children within Europe but being "digitally poor" or on the wrong side of the "Digital Divide" is something which I think is more and more exclusive. You only have to look at your own working practices where would you be without access to e-mail, mobile 'phone (and more) technology and the internet. Alongside this communicative and information rich technology you will also use creative technologies for making words, images, films, animations etc.. that are integral to your working lives.

So, if these are integral to your working life then are they not also integral to the working lives of the children in your classes and the students in your lecture halls?

Two ways in which religion appears on the internet

Three Pedagogic approaches when looking at the use of technology and the internet
  • Encouraging exploration of interpretation, diversity and reflexivity (Jackson): Jackson's work on the interpretive method [Jackson, R. (1997) Religious Education: An Interpretive Approach, London: Hodder and Stoughton.] explores the ideas that we must look for the diversity within the tradition and explore religion as lived by the individuals and not over-generalise. The concept of reflexivity is that we must also explore the impact of the religion on us we cannot be neutral observers but are participants in the exploratory journey.
  • Encouraging dialogue (Alexander, Ipgrave, Leganger-Krogstad): The work of Alexander in the UK [Alexander, R.J. (2008) Towards Dialogic Teaching: rethinking classroom talk (4th edition), Dialogos] and of Ipgrave [Ipgrave, J., R. Jackson & K. O’Grady (Eds) (2009) Religious Education Research through a Community of Practice: Action Research and the Interpretive Approach, Münster: Waxmann] and Leganger-Krogstad [Leganger-Krogstad, Heid (2003) ‘Dialogue among young citizens in a pluralistic religious education classroom’] encourage the use of dialogue, the communication and dialogue tools that IT gives us are very powerful and over the next few years language translation will also develop to the point where simultaneous multi-lingual dialogue is possible.
  • Challenging Truth Claims and Orthodoxy (Wright, Schweitzer): Information is easy to find on line but we need to engage critically with the truth claims of the communities, not cynically but critically. Wright's work [Wright, A (1993) Religious Education in the Secondary School, David Fulton] in the UK has engaged well with this.

Four levels of engagement when using technology

It is easy when accessing information on-line stay at this passive access level, not that this is not useful but in cognitive terms we must seek to develop this. The following stages are adapted from Krathwohl and Anderson (2001) [more] who adapted this from Bloom (1956).

  • Seeking Information: The internet is full of information. See below for comments on criticality. Finding information is the easiest thing to do on-line the question is what do we do with this information once we have it?
    • Key processes are: Retrieving, recalling, or recognizing: knowledge from memory. Remembering is when memory is used to produce definitions, facts, or lists, or recite or retrieve material
  • Analysing: Breaking material or concepts into parts, determining how the parts relate or interrelate to one another or to an overall structure or purpose. Mental actions included in this function are:
    • differentiating
    • organizing
    • attributing
    • as well as being able to distinguish between the components or parts. When one is analyzing he/she can illustrate this mental function by creating spreadsheets, surveys, charts, or diagrams, or graphic representations
  • Evaluating: Making judgments based on criteria and standards through checking and critiquing. Critiques, recommendations, and reports are some of the products that can be created to demonstrate the processes of evaluation.
  • Creating: Putting elements together to form a coherent or functional whole; reorganizing elements into a new pattern or structure through generating, planning, or producing. Creating requires users to put parts together in a new way or synthesize parts into something new and different a new form or product.
Ultimately I want children to move from Information Technology to Knowledge Technology to Wisdom Technology

Five ways in which using technology is a must in the RE classroom of the 2010s +

Developing these thoughts further

  • Using the range of information that is available on-line to enrich and develop your teaching and the learning in your classroom. This might be just access to the wide range of video, image and audio information that is on-line but also it should be creating your own dynamic resources, presentations can be much more than text, communicating with the wide range of expertise and professional support that is available and collaborating with your colleagues via the message boards and forums that are developing and Accessing personal viewpoints and authentic members of the religious communities via on-line video sharing sites such as YouTube (see the article in RE Today of Autumn, 2008 for more ideas); or allowing you students to go off and interview members of the religious and faith communities and bring these personal stories into the classroom
    • Just a few places to start this journey
  • Developing with your students a critical evaluative approach to on-line resources, the internet is a treasure trove but to get the gold out you often have to shift a lot of rock. Are you giving your students the skills to ask key questions of any resource they find on-line, questions such as “who wrote this?” “How do I know?”, “what is their bias?”, “Is it accurate?”, “is it coming from a particular faith or religious tradition?’”. Are you asking the same questions about the resources you access and use with your students or do you take it all on “blind faith?”
  • Allowing the students to present their work in a variety of multi-media formats. It is not longer acceptable to expect your students only to do ‘written work’ every one of your students, except for a tiny few, will have access to a digital stills and video camera, and a voice recorder – they will be part of that device which we still call a mobile ‘phone’. Are you flexible enough in the work you set to allow your students to produce a storyboard, video clip, audio clip or mixture of these into a multi-media presentation? This work can easily be kept in the students’ e-portfolios and be made available for you, their parents and the wider school to see. You may be amazed at what children for whom writing is a problem come up with when allowed to make a movie, an advert or a documentary and remember they will have the technical tools and probably the technical skills to do this – you may have to challenge the conservatism of the SLT in the use of these tools but RE is good at challenging orthodoxy
  • Using the school’s learning platform. Learning is not a nine to five occupation but an “anytime, anywhere, anyplace” thing and you need to putting up resources on the schools learning platform that allow this to happen. At the very least this should be the materials you are using in the classroom but also extension materials, links to support video and audio (see below) and allowing the students to contribute to this resource bank. At best you should be using the blog, wiki or forum facility to extend learning and offer the wider community the chance to participate in the activities happening in the RE classroom
  • Using technology to capture the work that your students are doing in the classroom. How often does the excellent work that your students do disappear into the aether because it is ethereal? Do you use still and video cameras to capture presentations or dramatic episodes? Do you use audio capture to get the key ideas of groups at the end of a discussion, debate or dialogue (the 3 D’s of the RE classroom)? So often we only assess written work, or work on paper and I am sure that there is much more of this happening in your RE classroom

You may say, “I can’t do this, I haven’t the time, skills or options”, but that is no longer acceptable. This is the way of learning for many of your students already and to say that you are not willing to learn is a poor role model for a teacher, who expects their students to learn new things every day. So you need to get yourself on a course, look at some on-line INSET or take it in hand.

These new ways of learning are, and will continue, to change the way we think about learning; information has never been more available. It is how we turn this information into knowledge and this knowledge into wisdom.

Six C's in the ways that learning should be when using technology

  • Communicative: Learning which enables partners into the learning process, children, teachers, parents and others.
    • Can you bring members of the community into your classroom? This might be via Skype or other Video Conferencing opportunities but it might also be physically bring them in and then using video to capture then for your local resource bank.
  • Cinematic: Learning in which live visual images reinforce the learning process
    • The use of sound, images, graphics and film is something that should be being used more and more both in the more passive way of the teacher using these as part of their teaching but also in children / students becoming film-makers. For more ideas on using these see this link and for more ideas of how children can become filmmakers see this link. For a list of films that you could use to teach about RE see this link.
  • Collaborative: learning based on on-line communities of practice, sharing knowledge and information from a range of different cultural and geographical perspectives:
    • Wikis, Forums and blogs are wonderful tool as are the growing social networking tools. These can and should all be employed when working with students.
    • As well as these are the wonderful links with the communities of practice you can find in resources such as People of Faith, the faith communities and, of course, on You Tube.
  • Concurrent: learning linking the school with the home and other facilities such as the library, VLE etc..
    • The idea of anytime / anywhere learning is very important and and as many resources as possible should be made available to the students in your schools. You might do this via your Virtual Learning Environment or you might do it via some software such as dropbox.
    • Developing "e-boxes" of electronic resources as well as physical packs of resource is a way to consider giving students access to a wide amount of resource materials.
  • Consensual: learning in which the student becomes a much more active partner in the learning process
    • The "e-boxes" mentioned above give a real sense of control over learning for the student as they can select the appropriate resource when looking to solve problems.
    • Using video, audio and other data capture mechanisms means that the student has a way of gathering, analysing, evaluating and presenting information in a way that is not just "ink on paper"
  • Creative: learning in which the student has some control over the outcomes of learning and the artifacts of learning that they produce.

If you are interested in exploring some of the these ideas further then I am willing to come to your countries to lead sessions on the use of technology in RE and in wider fields. I am happy to do this for expenses only. Please contact me at admin@mmiweb.org.uk and see my website for more of the work that I do.

If there is anything else you want to discuss then please contact me at admin@mmiweb.org.uk

Page last updated September 6th, 2010
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